Tuesday, May 30, 2017

Kua Grammatical Sketch

After a year of teaching, and advising, I am now back to Khoisan. The first project is to finish up the Kua grammatical sketch. Here is the current TOC. If you have questions, let me know.


Table of Contents

Acknowledgements
List of Abbreviations

1.         Introduction
2.         Basic Sentences
3.         PGN Markers on Nouns
            3.1.      Animate Nouns
            3.2.      Proper Names
            3.3.      Inanimate Nouns
            3.4.      PGN Paradigms
            3.5.      The Object Marker
            3.6.      Semantic Effects
            3.7.      Associative Plural
            3.8.      The PGN Modifier Constraint
4.         Pronoun System
            4.1.      Bare/Possessor Pronouns
            4.2.      Subject Pronouns
            4.3.      Object Pronouns
            4.4.      Unmarked Pronoun
5.         Imperative and Subjunctive
            5.1.      Imperative
            5.2.      Subjunctive Pronouns
            5.3.      Coordination
6.         Reciprocals and Reflexives
            6.1.      Reciprocals
            6.2.      Reflexives
7.         Juncture Morpheme
            7.1.      Distribution
            7.2.      Realizations
            7.3.      Summary
8.         Tense, Aspect, Negation and Modality
8.1.      Progressive
8.2.      Past
8.3.      Past Progressive
8.4.      Perfective
8.5.      Future
8.6.      Future Progressive
8.7.      Habitual
8.8.      Stative Verbs and Adjectives
8.9.      Modality
9.         Adverbs
            9.1.      Temporal Adverbs
            9.2.      Manner Adverbs with -χà
            9.3.      Adverbs with -à
            9.4.      Other Adverbs
10.       Postpositions
            10.1.    Simple Postpositions
            10.2.    Complex Postpositions
11.       Noun Phrase Coordination
12.       Passives
13.       Causatives
14.       Copulas
14.1.Locative Copula
14.2.Identificational Copula
15.       Serial Verbs
            15.1.    SVCs vs. Coordination
            15.2.    SVCs vs. Verbal Complementation
            15.3.    Directional
            15.4.    Resultative
            15.5.    Simultaneous
            15.6.    Pluractionality
            15.7.    Benefactive
            15.8.    Other Categories
16.       Demonstratives
            16.1.    Proximal Demonstratives
            16.2.    Proximal Demonstratives: Anaphoric Noun
            16.3.    Proximal Demonstratives: The kà-Strategy
            16.4.    Distal Demonstratives
            16.5.    Distal Demonstratives: Anaphoric Noun
            16.6.    Distal Demonstratives: The kà-Strategy
            16.7.    The Anaphoric Demonstrative
            16.8.    Locative Adverbs
17.       Adjectives
            17.1.    Predicate Adjectives
            17.2.    Attributive Adjectives
            17.3.    Anaphoric Noun
            17.4.    The kà-Strategy
18.       Numerals
            18.1.    Numerals Modifying Nouns
            18.2.    Numerals as Predicates
            18.3.    Anaphoric Noun
            18.4.    The kà-Strategy
            18.5.    Ordinal Numerals
19.       Quantifiers
            19.1.    many
            19.2.    The Existential Quantifier
            19.3.    The Universal Quantifier
20.       Possessors
            20.1.    The Simple Strategy
            20.2.    The Possessed Pronoun
            20.3.    Anaphoric Noun
            20.3.    The kà-Strategy
21.       Relative Clauses
            21.1.    The Post-Verbal Strategy
            21.2.    Anaphoric Noun
            21.3.    The kà-Strategy
            21.4.    Locative, Possessor and Instrumental Relatives
22.       Subordinate Clauses   
23.       Clausal Coordination and Conditionals
            23.1.    Clausal Coordination
            23.2.    Range of Relations
            23.3.    Conditionals
24.       Comparison
            24.1.    Inequality
            24.2.    Equality
25.       Questions       
            25.1.    Yes-No Questions
25.2.    What Questions
25.3.    Who Questions
25.4.    Which Questions
25.5.    When Questions
25.6.    Where Questions
25.7.    How Questions
25.8.    Why Questions
25.9.    How Many/Much Questions
25.10.  Summary of Question Words
26.       Topic and Focus
            26.1.    The Topic Marker ká
            26.2.    The Focus Marker χá
            26.3.    Answers to Questions


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