Sunday, February 22, 2026

Top Twenty Field Defining Papers for Generative Syntax

Which works define the field of generative syntax?

The following list is the set of the top twenty books, theses, book chapters and journal articles in generative syntax ordered in terms of total citations from Google Scholar. I have left out the following:

a. Works by Noam Chomsky, which have much higher citation rates than the works below.

b. Textbooks.

c. Edited books containing different authors.


1. Citations: 12,844

Fillmore, Charles J. 1968. The Case for Case. In Emmon Back and Robert T. Harms (eds.), Universals in Linguistic Theory, 1-88. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.

2. Citations: 10,627

Kayne, Richard. 1994. The Antisymmetry of Syntax. MIT Press, Cambridge.

3. Citations: 10,299

Jackendoff, Ray. 1972. Semantic Interpretation in Generative Grammar. MIT Press, Cambridge.

4. Citations: 10,257

Rizzi, Luigi. 1997. The Fine Structure of the Left Periphery. In Liliane Haegeman (ed.), Elements of Grammar: Handbook of Generative Syntax. Springer.

5. Citations: 10,202

Levin, Beth. 1993. English Verb Classes and Alternations: A Preliminary Investigation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

6. Citations: 9,250 

Ross, John Robert. 1967. Constraints on Variables in Syntax. Doctoral dissertation, MIT. Cambridge.

7. Citations: 9,244

Baker, Mark. 1988. Incorporation: A Theory of Grammatical Function Changing. Chicago University Press, Chicago.

8. Citations: 8,019

Abney, Steven. 1987. The English Noun Phrase in its Sentential Aspect. Doctoral dissertation, MIT. Cambridge.

9. Citations: 7,912

Cinque, Guglielmo. 1999. Adverbs and Functional Heads: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

10. Citations: 7,204

Pollock, Jean-Yves. 1989. Verb Movement, Universal Grammar and the Structure of IP. Linguistic Inquiry 20, 366-424.

11. Citations: 6,962

Grimshaw, Jane. 1990. Argument Structure. MIT Press, Cambridge.

12. Citations: 6,404

Rizzi, Luigi. 1990. Relativized Minimality. MIT Press, Cambridge.

13. Citations: 5,821

Burzio, Luigi. Italian Syntax: A Government-Binding Approach. Springer.

14. Citations: 5,792

Huang, James. 1998. Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar. Garland publishing, New York.

15. Citations: 5,677

Larson, Richard K. 1988. On the Double Object Constructions. Linguistic Inquiry 19, 335-391.

16. Citations: 4,556

Stowell, Tim. 1981. Origins of Phrase Structure. Doctoral dissertation, MIT. Cambridge.

17. Citations: 4,537

Levin, Beth and Malka Rappaport Hovav. 1994. Unaccusativity: At the Syntax-Lexical Sematics Interface. MIT Press, Cambridge.

18. Citations: 4,523

Jackendoff, Ray. 1977. X’-Syntax: A Study of Phrase Structure. MIT Press, Cambridge.

19. Citations: 4,221

Kratzer, Angelika. 1996. Severing the external argument from its verb. In Johann Rooryck and Laurie Zaring (eds.), Phrase Structure and the Lexicon (pp. 109–137). Kluwer Academic Publishers.

20. Citations: 3,902

Perlmutter, David. 1978. Impersonal Passives and the Unaccusative Hypothesis. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 4, 157-189.

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